How sugar consumption leads to tooth decay and strategies for minimizing its impact.

Sugar is the primary fuel for cavity-causing bacteria. When bacteria metabolize sugar, they produce acids that attack tooth enamel for up to 20 minutes after each exposure. The frequency of sugar intake matters more than the total amount. Reducing sugar exposure by consuming sweets during meals rather than as snacks, rinsing with water after sugary foods, and choosing sugar-free alternatives are effective strategies for protecting teeth.